Journal of Literary Writing and Evaluation

JLWE, Vol. 1, No. 2, 2025, pp.305-314.

Print ISSN: 3078-8129; Online ISSN: 3104-5073

Journal homepage: https://www.lwejournal.com

DOI: Https://doi.org/10.64058/JLWE.25.2.12

精灵叙事与19世纪欧洲的人工智能想象
——安徒生作品另解

傅    薇（Fu Wei），王紫怡（Wang Zi Yi）

摘要：精灵叙事是安徒生童话中不可或缺的。19世纪的欧洲，科技的迅猛发展与工业革命的深入推进，激发了人们对于未知世界的探索。此时，人工智能的概念虽然尚未出现，但人类对于智能的渴望与想象却已经开始萌发。这些想象的具象化常常由文学作品中被描绘成具有超自然能力的“精灵”来承载。丹麦著名作家汉斯·克里斯蒂安·安徒生在写作中体现了当时欧洲社会的科学技术发展状况，他与科学家之间的交往和友谊也使得童话作品中的精灵叙事脱离了传统神话的藩篱展现出现代性风貌。精灵不仅能够协助人类获取知识信息、完成既定工作，还能够与人类展开无差别的沟通与交流，并与人类产生情感的联系，与今天我们关于人工智能的讨论有着异曲同工之妙。这不仅为我们提供了一个独特的视角来重新阅读他的作品，也为我们打开了一个深入理解19世纪欧洲人工智能想象的窗口。

关键词：安徒生；精灵；叙事；人工智能；想象

作者简介：傅  薇，博士，广东外语外贸大学马克思主义学院副教授，硕士生导师。研究方向：马克思主义意识形态。电邮：113716023@qq.com。王紫怡（通讯作者）, 广东外语外贸大学马克思主义学院硕士研究生。研究方向：西方马克思主义。电邮：ZYLuminosity@163.com。

Title: Elves and the European Imagination of AI in 19th Century——A New Interpretation of H.C.Andersen’s Works

Abstract: Elves-narrative is an indispensable part of Hans Christian Andersen’s literary works.  In the 19th century, the rapid development of science & technology and the deepening of the industrial revolution in Europe stimulated people to explore the unknown world. At that time, although the concept of artificial intelligence (AI) has not yet appeared, human desire and imagination for intelligence have begun to sprout. The representativeness of these imaginations is often carried by the “elves” depicted as having supernatural abilities in literary works. Hans Christian Andersen, a famous Danish writer, reflected the scientific and technological development of European society at that time in his writing. The friendship between him and scientists also made the fairy tale narratives broke away from the barriers of traditional myths and showed a modern style. Elves can help humans not only acquire knowledge and information, complete the established work, carry out indistinguishable communication and exchange with humans, but also have emotional contact with humans, which is similar to discussions on AI today. It not only provides us with a unique perspective to re-read his works but also opens a window for us to deeply understand the European imagination of AI in the 19th century.

Key words: H.C. Andersen；Elves-narrative；Artificial Intelligence (AI)； Imagination

Author Biography: Fu Wei, Ph.D., Associate Professor and Master’s Supervisor at the School of Marxism, Guangdong University of Foreign Studies. Research Area: Marxist Ideology. Email: 113716023@qq.com. Wang Zi Yi (Corresponding Author), Master’s Candidate at the School of Marxism, Guangdong University of Foreign Studies. Research Area: Western Marxism. Email: ZYLuminosity@163.com.

    Received: 23 Jun 2025 / Revised: 1 Nov 2025 / Accepted: 7 Nov 2025 / Published online: 30 Nov 2025 / Print published: 30 Dec 2025.