Journal of Literary Writing and Evaluation (Print ISSN 3078-8129; Online ISSN: 3104-5073)

Copyright © 2025 by Journal of Literary Writing and Evaluation. All rights reserved.

JLWE, Vol.1, No.1,2025，pp. 1-13.

论美国本土裔文学对“科幻”话语的拓展
——以阿莱克西的《飞行》为例

张    媛(Zhang Yuan)[1]，陈    靓(Chen Liang)[2]

摘要：《飞行》是美国本土裔作家谢尔曼·阿莱克西出版于2007年的长篇小说。该小说的族裔性科幻话语体现在三方面：恶作剧者-后人类主体的“变形”、“本土裔滑流”体裁、“失衡-平衡”的“成长”叙事。它既与美国本土裔文学传统、本土裔科学/知识相统一，也更新了读者对既有科幻体裁的期待视野及审美范式。叙述者-人物“青春痘”以“变形”寄生于历史人物和父亲的身体中，“变形”表现了叙述视角的转变，叙述声音的多声部性与恶作剧者话语的对话性、后人类主体的生成性相呼应，“变形”策略构想了恶作剧者-后人类主体对不同族群、阶层身份边界的跨越。接着，“青春痘”以生成的身份连接了历史与现实，串联起文化经验的时空连续性。立足于“时间旅行”，“本土裔滑流”体裁搭建了美国本土裔科幻与欧美主流科幻对话的平台。《飞行》的“时间旅行”反映了非线性的时空认知，也展示了本土裔科学范式。不同于启蒙人文主义的“进步”观念及西方现代科学范式，小说以本土裔科学观想象了“失衡-平衡”的成长仪式，并启示读者更新知识、积极创造，共同探寻本土裔的未来主义愿景。

关键词：美国本土裔文学；美国本土裔科幻；科幻；谢尔曼·阿莱克西；《飞行》

Title: On the Expansion of “Science Fiction” Discourse in Native American Literature: A Case Study of Alexie’s Flight

Abstract: Flight is a novel published in 2007 by Sherman Alexie, a Native American writer. The novel’s ethnic science fiction discourse is reflected in three aspects: the “transformation” of the trickster-posthuman subject, the genre of Native Slipstream, and the “imbalance-balance” narrative of “growth.” It not only aligns with Native American literary traditions and Native American science/knowledge but also renews readers’ expectations and aesthetic paradigms of existing science fiction genres. The narrator-character, “Zits,” uses “transformation” to inhabit the bodies of historical figures and his father. This “transformation” reflects shifts in narrative perspective, with the polyphonic nature of the narrative voice echoing the dialogic nature of trickster discourse and the generative nature of the posthuman subject. The strategy of “transformation” envisions the trickster-posthuman subject crossing boundaries of different ethnic and class identities. Subsequently, “Zits” connects history and reality through his generative identity, linking the temporal and spatial continuity of cultural experiences. Grounded in time travel, the Native Slipstream genre creates a platform for dialogue between Native American science fiction and mainstream Euro-American science fiction. The time travel in Flight reflects a non-linear understanding of time and space and articulates a Native American scientific paradigm. Unlike the Enlightenment humanist notion of progress and the Western modern scientific paradigm, the novel imagines a “imbalance-balance” ritual of passage through a Native American scientific perspective, inspiring readers to renew their knowledge, actively create, and collectively explore a Native American futurist vision.

Keywords: Native American literature; Native American science fiction; science fiction; Sherman Alexie; Flight

[1] 张    媛（Zhang Yuan），复旦大学外国语言文学学院2024级博士研究生，主要从事美国本土裔文学与科幻文学研究。电邮：zhangyuanaviva@163.com。

[2] 陈    靓（Chen Liang）（通讯作者），复旦大学外国语言文学学院教授，主要从事北欧文学、美国本土裔文学和区域国别研究。电邮：cliang@fudan.edu.cn。