Journal of Literary Writing and Evaluation (Print ISSN 3078-8129; Online ISSN: 3104-5073)

Copyright © 2025 by Journal of Literary Writing and Evaluation. All rights reserved.

JLWE, Vol.1, No.1,2025，pp. 39-47.

毒药、假药、良药：
论《托诺邦盖》中的理性意志与伦理选择

王晓惠（Wang Xiaohui）[1]，张佳音（Zhang Jiayin）[2]，邢瑞桐（Xing Ruitong）[3]

摘要：《托诺邦盖》借助叔侄二人制售假药的故事为读者生动地呈现出一张资本社会的伦理关系网，小说影射出作者对资本社会道德伦理关系的忧思和不安。庞德雷沃的无理性不是医治英国社会痼疾的解药，而是毒药；乔治的假理性对于病态的伦理制度来说，无疑是一剂假药。建立一种消除特定阶级利益、服务于全人类的理性道德和善性伦理制度，才是医治英国的病入膏肓的伦理制度的良药。威尔斯想找寻的良药其实是人类社会亟需构建的理性伦理价值体系，从而能够适应现代社会的复杂要求。小说折射出威尔斯穷其一生为人类寻找解药时所经历的“拒绝毒药、防范假药、寻求良药”的心路历程。

关键词：《托诺邦盖》；自由意志；非理性意志；理性；伦理选择

Title: Poison, Fake Medicine, Good Medicine: The Rational Will and Ethical Choice of Tono-Bungay

Abstract: With the help of the story of uncle and nephew making and selling fake medicine, Tono-Bungay vividly presents an ethical network of capital society for readers, and the novel alludes to the author's anxiety and unease about the moral and ethical problems of capital society. Ponderevo's irrationality was not an antidote to the ills of English society, but a poison; George's false rationality is undoubtedly a false medicine for the sick ethical system. To establish an ethical system of rationality, morality and kindness that may eliminate the interests of the particular class and serve the whole human race is the good medicine to cure the diseased ethical system in England. The medicine Wells was looking for was the rational ethical value system that human society needed to build, so that it could adapt to the complex requirements of modern society. The novel reflects Wells' mental course of "refusing poison, guarding against fake medicine and seeking good medicine" when he spent his whole life searching for a cure for mankind.

Keywords: Tono-Bungay; Free will; Irrational will; Reason; Ethical choose

[1] 王晓惠（Wang Xiaohui），广西医科大学外国语学院教授，博士，硕士生导师，研究方向：文学伦理学批评。电邮： athena_hui@163.com。

[2] 张佳音（Zhang Jiayin）（通讯作者），广西大学外国语学院硕士研究生，研究方向：翻译理论实践研究。电邮：zhangjy2021618@163.com。

[3] 邢瑞桐（Xing Ruitong），广西大学外国语学院硕士研究生，研究方向：英语语言文学。电邮：Dianaxrt@163.com。